{"id":2423,"date":"2023-03-21T11:02:42","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T10:02:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/?p=2423"},"modified":"2023-03-23T10:52:05","modified_gmt":"2023-03-23T09:52:05","slug":"chiparus-icone-de-la-sculpture-art-deco","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/chiparus-icone-de-la-sculpture-art-deco\/","title":{"rendered":"Chiparus, Ic\u00f4ne de la sculpture Art D\u00e9co"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbIntro\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb1px|||||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Demeter Chiparus<\/i><\/b>, de son vrai nom Dumitru Haralamb Chip\u0103ru\u0219 (1886-1947) est un sculpteur d\u2019origine roumaine r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour ses sculptures de danseuses en bronze et ivoire dites <\/i>chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines<\/i><\/b>. Ses figures f\u00e9minines d\u2019une tr\u00e8s grande pr\u00e9ciosit\u00e9, dans le pur esprit <\/i>Art D\u00e9co, <\/i><\/b>ont fait la gloire du sculpteur. Retour sur la vie et la production d\u2019un artiste hors du commun dont les oeuvres sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es en <\/i>vente aux ench\u00e8res<\/i><\/b><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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Petite biographie<\/h2>\n

<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Chiparus na\u00eet \u00e0 Dorohoi, en Roumanie, au sein d\u2019une famille ais\u00e9e. En 1909, il part en Italie et devient l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve du sculpteur italien Raffaello Romanelli<\/b>. En 1912, il se rend \u00e0 Paris et int\u00e8gre l\u2019Ecole des Beaux-Arts<\/b> o\u00f9 il suit les enseignements des sculpteurs Antonin Merci\u00e9 <\/b>et Jean Boucher<\/b>. Cette formation, entre la France et l\u2019Italie, lui apportera de solides connaissances techniques et artistiques.<\/p>\n

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En 1914, il expose pour la premi\u00e8re fois au Salon de Paris <\/b>o\u00f9 il obtient une r\u00e9compense pour ses statuettes d\u2019enfants en \u00e9colier, en clown ou en arlequin. C\u2019est alors que commence son ascension sur la sc\u00e8ne artistique fran\u00e7aise.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e8s vite, et fort de son succ\u00e8s, il parvient \u00e0 nouer un partenariat avec la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre fonderie Edmond Etling et Cie <\/b>pour l\u2019\u00e9dition de ses oeuvres. Pourtant, et malgr\u00e9 le succ\u00e8s prometteur de ses sculptures, il ne parvient pas \u00e0 convaincre la critique qui restera sur la r\u00e9serve.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Chiparus-La-jeune-ecoliere-\u00a9Primardeco.jpeg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus ‘La jeune \u00e9coli\u00e8re’ \u00a9Primardeco\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus ‘La jeune \u00e9coli\u00e8re’ \u00a9Primardeco\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Dans les ann\u00e9es 20, Chiparus est au sommet de son art. La critique, enfin conquise, fait r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement l\u2019\u00e9loge du sculpteur et des collectionneurs du monde entier s\u2019int\u00e9ressent \u00e0 ses oeuvres.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dans les ann\u00e9es 1940, Chiparus s\u2019essaye \u00e0 la sculpture animali\u00e8re<\/b>. A plusieurs reprises, il repr\u00e9sentera des animaux dans le style Art d\u00e9co<\/b>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Chiparus-Sculpture-animaliere-\u00a9Wikimedia-Commons.jpeg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus – Sculpture animali\u00e8re \u00a9Wikimedia Commons\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus – Sculpture animali\u00e8re \u00a9Wikimedia Commons\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Il d\u00e9c\u00e8de subitement en 1947.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les danseuses de Chiparus\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

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Dans le Paris de l\u2019entre deux guerres, l\u2019heure est \u00e0 la f\u00eate. Les cabarets <\/b>et les music-halls <\/b>sont bond\u00e9s. Amateur de cabaret, Chiparus <\/b>s\u2019empare de cette euphorie et la fait sienne. C\u2019est ainsi que les danseuses et les ballerines deviennent ses sujets de pr\u00e9dilection dans les ann\u00e9es 20.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Chiparus-Les_girls-\u00a9Wikipedia.jpeg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus Les_girls \u00a9Wikipedia\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus Les_girls \u00a9Wikipedia\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Pour r\u00e9aliser ces figures longues, \u00e9lanc\u00e9es et stylis\u00e9es, si repr\u00e9sentative de l\u2019esprit Art D\u00e9co ,<\/b>Chiparus puise son inspiration dans les ballets russe<\/b>, alors particuli\u00e8rement en vogue dans la capitale. Reproduits dans les plus grands music-halls et cabarets parisiens (les Folies Berg\u00e8re<\/b>, la Cigale, le Moulin Roug<\/b>e, l\u2019Olympia, l\u2019Alcazar ou l\u2019Alhambra), les ballets russes remportent un franc succ\u00e8s relay\u00e9 dans la presse. Chiparus utilisent les photographies de danseurs et mannequins russes parues dans les magazines pour r\u00e9aliser ses visages si caract\u00e9ristiques.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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En 1922, la d\u00e9couverte du tombeau de Toutankhamon<\/b> est \u00e0 l\u2019origine d\u2019un v\u00e9ritable regain d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat pour l\u2019art de l\u2019Egypte ancienne et de l\u2019Orient<\/b>. L\u2019oeuvre de Chiparus s\u2019inscrit dans cette d\u00e9marche. En effet, il s\u2019inspirera fr\u00e9quemment des traits de la reine Cl\u00e9op\u00e2tre<\/b> pour la cr\u00e9ation de ses figures f\u00e9minines et n\u2019h\u00e9sitera pas \u00e0 rev\u00eatir ses danseuses de v\u00eatements aux inspirations \u00e9gyptiennes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Inspir\u00e9e des ballets russes<\/b>, de l\u2019art de l\u2019Egypte ancienne<\/b> et du th\u00e9\u00e2tre fran\u00e7ais<\/b>, la sculpture \u00e9l\u00e9gante et luxueuse de Chiparus est particuli\u00e8rement repr\u00e9sentative de l\u2019esprit Art D\u00e9co<\/b> qui pr\u00e9domine \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Chiparus-Danseuse-egyptienne-\u00a9Primardeco.jpeg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus ‘Danseuse \u00e9gyptienne’ \u00a9Primardeco\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbChiparus ‘Danseuse \u00e9gyptienne’ \u00a9Primardeco\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Les sculptures chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

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V\u00e9ritable ic\u00f4ne de la sculpture Art D\u00e9co<\/b>, Chiparus r\u00e9alise des sculptures chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines <\/b>exceptionnelles qui feront sa renomm\u00e9e dans le monde entier.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Fascin\u00e9 par cette technique ancestrale qui consiste \u00e0 associer l\u2019or et l\u2019ivoire (du grec chrys\u00f3s<\/i> et eleph\u00e1ntinos<\/i>), Chiparus la modernise et parvient \u00e0 cr\u00e9er son propre style gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une association subtile du bronze et de l\u2019ivoire. Ces sculptures chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines<\/b>, d\u2019une tr\u00e8s grande pr\u00e9ciosit\u00e9, requi\u00e8rent une technique et un savoir-faire particulier. Tout d\u2019abord, l\u2019artiste r\u00e9alise un premier croquis avant de fabriquer une sculpture en plastiline, mat\u00e9riau proche de l\u2019argile. Puis le bronze et l\u2019ivoire sont assembl\u00e9s avant que la sculpture ne soit peinte. Chiparus a pour habitude de sur-\u00e9lever ses sculptures chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines <\/b>sur un socle en marbre ou en onyx.<\/p>\n

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Parall\u00e8lement \u00e0 cette production d\u2019une tr\u00e8s grande richesse, Chiparus r\u00e9alise des sujets plus modestes en pl\u00e2tre ou en r\u00e9gule. Plus accessibles, ils connaissent une plus grande diffusion.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Chiparus aux ench\u00e8res\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

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Au cours de ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, la cote de Chiparus<\/b> n\u2019a cess\u00e9 d\u2019augmenter. Particuli\u00e8rement recherch\u00e9es par une client\u00e8le \u00e9trang\u00e8re, ses sculptures chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines<\/b> peuvent atteindre des prix importants.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Demetre_Chiparus_Starfish-\u00a9Wikimedia-Commons.jpeg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbDemetre_Chiparus_Starfish \u00a9Wikimedia Commons\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbDemetre_Chiparus_Starfish \u00a9Wikimedia Commons\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Cependant, il existe de nombreuses \u00e9ditions posthumes d\u2019apr\u00e8s Chiparus <\/b>dont la valeur est \u00e9videmment moindre. De plus, comme beaucoup de ses contemporains, Chiparus ne signait pas syst\u00e9matiquement ses oeuvres. L\u2019authentification des sculptures par un commissaire-priseur se r\u00e9v\u00e8le alors indispensable avant de pouvoir les vendre aux ench\u00e8res.<\/b> Les ventes aux ench\u00e8res <\/b>sont ainsi le meilleur moyen pour les collectionneurs de s\u2019assurer de l\u2019authenticit\u00e9 de l\u2019oeuvre.<\/p>\n

La vente des sculptures chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines de Chiparus<\/b> est aujourd\u2019hui tr\u00e8s r\u00e9glement\u00e9e. En effet, la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019ivoire implique de respecter la Convention sur le commerce international des esp\u00e8ces de faune et de flore sauvages menac\u00e9es d\u2019extinction (CITES), plus connue sous le nom de la Convention de Washington<\/b>. La CITES<\/b> est un accord international entre Etats r\u00e9glementant le commerce international de certains sp\u00e9cimens d\u2019animaux et plantes sauvages.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Chiparus est aujourd\u2019hui consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le principal repr\u00e9sentant de la <\/i>sculpture d\u00e9corative Art D\u00e9co<\/i><\/b> en bronze et ivoire dite <\/i>chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantine<\/i><\/b>. Chef de file de la <\/i>sculpture chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantine <\/i><\/b>moderne, il fait partie des artistes <\/i>Art D\u00e9co<\/i><\/b> les plus recherch\u00e9s du march\u00e9 de l\u2019art.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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Demeter Chiparus, de son vrai nom Dumitru Haralamb Chip\u0103ru\u0219 (1886-1947) est un sculpteur d\u2019origine roumaine r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour ses sculptures de danseuses en bronze et ivoire dites chrys\u00e9l\u00e9phantines. Ses figures f\u00e9minines d\u2019une tr\u00e8s grande pr\u00e9ciosit\u00e9, dans le pur esprit Art D\u00e9co, ont fait la gloire du sculpteur. Retour sur la vie et la production d\u2019un artiste […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2434,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[67,72,17],"class_list":["post-2423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-objets-dart-antiquites","tag-art-deco","tag-chiparus","tag-sculpture"],"yoast_head":"\nChiparus, Ic\u00f4ne de la sculpture Art D\u00e9co | Primardeco - Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En savoir plus sur "Chiparus, Ic\u00f4ne de la sculpture Art D\u00e9co", un sujet propos\u00e9 dans la cat\u00e9gorie Objets d'art & antiquit\u00e9s par l'\u00e9quipe Primardeco, sp\u00e9cialistes de l'expertise et de la vente aux ench\u00e8res d'art \u00e0 Toulouse.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.primardeco.com\/blog\/chiparus-icone-de-la-sculpture-art-deco\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chiparus, Ic\u00f4ne de la sculpture Art D\u00e9co | Primardeco - 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